UK Bathroom Lighting IP Rating Technical Information
Not only does the lighting we choose for our bathroom needs to be functional and aesthetically pleasing, it also needs to be safe. This is where we need to consider the IP (ingress protection) of the fittings we purchase and their suitability for the bathroom areas we wish to illuminate. Each bathroom fitting is given an IP rating and this relates to the light fitting’s water resistance. The IP (ingress protection) is always followed by 2 digits. The first digit relates to the protection against foreign bodies for example tools, dust and fingers. The second digit relates to the level of protection against liquid ingress. It is the second digit that concerns us. There are many IP ratings, but there are just a few that affect us here. The key IP ratings that relate to bathrooms are IPX4, IPX5, IPX7 and IPX8. In many cases the level of protection is marked on the product itself. Bathroom Zones These ratings refer to the level of protection required in specific zones. Bathrooms are divided into 3 zones which determine each zone’s expected exposure to water. The diagram below illustrates a bathroom divided into these 3 zones – 0, 1 and 2. Zone 0 This refers to the inside of your bath or shower tray. The rating must be IP67 (immersion to 1m) or IP68 (pressurised immersion). Light fittings in this area need to be low voltage (16V) used with a SELV (Safety Extra-Low Voltage) transformer. The transformer itself must be installed in the Outside Zone. Zone 1 This is the area directly around our bath tub or shower tray up to a height of 2.25 above the floor level. IPX4 or above is required in this zone. If you have a shower head that will be used for cleaning purposes in this zone a IPX5 rated light fitting is needed. It is recommended that a 30ma residual current device (RCD) should be used to protect the electrical circuit in this zone. For further clarification and information on how this may affect you please consult your electrician. If you are installing a downright on the ceiling of your shower cubicle you should choose a fitting from either our recessed lighting or our recessed bathroom section, selecting one with an IP65 rating or above. Zone 2 This is the area immediately outside Zone 1 and a 0.6m radius from the taps on your basin. IPX4 should be used or IPX5 if you have a shower in Zone 1. Outside Zones Whilst there are no IP requirements for lighting outside of zones 1 and 2, lighting should still provide adequate protection and many developers or contractors will choose to only install fittings with a minimum of IP44.
Whilst fitting SELV or shaver units in the outside zones is acceptable, other electrical items such as hairdryers or portable lamps are not. The above bathroom lighting information is intended as a guide only and applies to domestic installations only. The information is based on the UK IEE wiring regulations (BS7671: 2001 Section 601). If you require further information please refer to your electrician or specific product data.
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